Study: The "Sugar" road in the brain reveals the secret of the treatment -resistant depression

A study conducted by researchers of the ‘IBS’ in South Korea showed that small sugar-containing chains are known as O-Glycans if they are exposed to disturbance in the frontal brain short text due to chronic psychological tension leading to the collapse of the nerve circles responsible for the organization of passion, which causes similar behavior as depression. The study, published in the Magazine of Science Advana, indicated that this result is a new molecular path that opens the horizon of targeted treatments for treatment -resistant depression. Depression is a serious disorder that disrupts daily life by feeling lethargy, sleep disorders and social introverts, as well as the risk of suicide, and the number of depression has continuously increased over the years, reaching more than 280 million people around the world by 2025. Researchers have revealed a new pathological mechanism that can provide important indications for the diagnosis and treatment of depression. The team, led by researchers, “Justin Lee” and “Boyung Li”, explained that a new mechanism identified connects the abnormal changes in the adaptation of protein by sugars and depressive behavior, pointing out that chronic psychological pressure leads to the disruption of the “glycota” process, or glycosylation in the brain, which is the process of the process. The researchers said that most of the depression medication is currently focusing on the adjustment of nerve tankers, especially serotonin, but that its effectiveness does not exceed half of the patients, and that it can cause side effects, such as digestive disorders or increased anxiety. They emphasized that this limitation emphasizes the need to look for new molecular paths that exceed neuro transferrans. The study indicated that the “galabah” is known as an important mechanism in different diseases, such as cancer, viral infection and nerve degenerative disorders, which explains that a specific type of IT is known as O-Glycosylation, plays a role in cellular signals and maintaining the balance of nerve streams, but that its role in brain disorders is only studied. What is the relationship of tension with depression? The research team has used high -resolution blocking techniques to analyze “glycry” patterns in 9 brain regions for healthy mice, and note that each region is characterized by a special “Galaxy” style. The researchers compared these patterns to mice brains subjected to chronic psychological pressure and noticed significant changes in the leading brain shell. The team revealed a decrease in the process of “silat”, which is the addition of salary acid to the ends of sugar -like chains, which contribute to the stability of protein. They also noted the decline in the expression of the ST3Gal1 enzyme responsible for this process. The researchers also tested whether this enzyme was directly linked to depressed behavior, which is why they have reduced the expression of ST3Gal1 in the frontal brain scale of natural mice and noted that it begins to show depression, such as the loss of motivation and anxiety, even without psychological pressure. When they increased ST3Gal1 levels in compressed mice, the manifestations of depressed behavior decreased. The results emphasize that the ST3GAL1 decline represents and regulates depressive symptoms. Protein analyzes and electrical physiological experiences have revealed that reducing the enzyme leads to the destabilization of sugar structures in complaints such as NRXN2 protein, which is adhesive protein in nerve shirt, and also weakens the work of inhibiting neurons, which usually maintains the balance of the side streams. The study pointed out that small changes in sugar -containing chains can destroy the stability and compounds of the nerve -streams in the brain, leading to the collapse of the emotional control system and the appearance of depression. Researcher Boyung Lee said the study proved that the defect in the “glycra” in the brain is directly related to the rise of depression, and that this result provides an important basis to determine new diagnostic signs and treatment goals that exceed the boundaries of neurological carriers. Researcher Justin Lee emphasized his part that depression imposes a major social burden at a time when current treatments remain limited, which indicates that this achievement may include not only the treatment of depression, but also other disorders such as post -traumatic and schizophrenia, which open the way for broader treatment strategies. The study showed that depression stems from a complex interaction between psychological, environmental and genetic factors, and that the new-found paths can provide a new statement for the failure of some traditional treatments. ‘Promising results’ and the researchers emphasized that the results indicate that the monitoring of ST3Gal1 levels or the change of ‘morals’ in the brain can turn into a targeted diagnostic or therapeutic method in the future, pointing out that this tendency may be especially useful for treatment for treatment for treatment that does not respond to traditional antidepressants. They explained that they applied a multiple approach and protein changes over 9 brain regions, which enabled an extensive vision of changes that associated depression in the brain. The researchers also emphasized that this integrated approach revealed a direct link between the defect in the “galabs” protein and depressive behavior. They warned that the next step would be to define small molecules that could target the ST3Gal1 enzyme or the “glycra” process could change in a way that restored the balance of the nerve circles. They were of the opinion that this work can radically change the method of diagnosing and treatment of depression, and that new horizons open for psychological and neurological disorders, warning that the results of the study can help understand how psychological pressure interacts with molecular changes in the brain to cause a depressive state. They talked about the matter, not just depression, but that the discovered paths were related to other psychological disorders, pointing out that they would continue to search how the “glycry” affects sympathetic proteins and on the functions of inhibitory neurons playing a stability of clamps. The study also confirmed that the understanding of this path provides new instruments to understand the elasticity of the brain and how it is lost under psychological pressure. While the researchers indicated that the development of investigations to detect unnatural “glycra” signs can be useful as a tool for the early diagnosis of depression. The researchers further said that their final goal is to draw up accurate therapeutic strategies based on the recovery of the molecular defect instead of only controling symptoms, pointing out that this approach represents the beginning of a new generation treatments based on a deeper understanding of the role of small sugars in the brain. The results also indicated that future treatment may not only be dependent on classical antidepressants, but may also include approaches aimed at sugar -like adaptations to protein. The study said that achieving these goals requires wide future research to determine its efficiency and safety to target this path in human models. The research team concluded by emphasizing that this scientific step represents a qualitative shift in the path of depression research and paves the way for new diagnostic and treatment methods.