A vaccine shows a successful immune response against kidney cancer in 9 patients

Researchers from the Dana-Varber Institute of Cancer reported that 9 patients underwent a clinical experiment to treat an advanced stage of kidney cancer, clearly cells, using a dedicated cancer vaccine, and showed a successful cancer immune response. Kidney cancer is clear that cells are a disease with fewer genetic mutations compared to other types of cancer, such as melanoma, which makes the development of dedicated vaccines more challenging. The assigned vaccine was given to tumor removal operations, and it is designed to train the immune system to identify and eliminate cancer cells, and after continuing on average 34.7 months, all patients remained free of cancer. The dedicated vaccines are a type of immune to design specifically for each patient based on the unique genetic and molecular features of their cancerous tumor, as opposed to the traditional vaccines given to prevent infectious diseases, the vaccines designated for the treatment of cancer are used after diagnosing. The motivation of the immune system and these vaccines depends on the stimulation of the patient’s immune system to selectively identify and attack cancer cells, reducing or spreading the risk of cancer. The results of this clinical experiment were published from the first phase in the journal Nature, which highlights the abilities of this new therapeutic approach in the fight against cancer. The vaccines dedicated to the “new fax” technology depend on the analysis of the crops removed from patients to determine the unique molecular features of cancer cells, known as “new tigen”. The new antigens are small proteins, or parts of protein arising from genetic mutations in cancer cells, and these proteins are not present in normal cells, making it the perfect targets for the immune system as they can be identified as strange ingredients from the body, and attack it without affecting healthy cells. The new antigens are the result of genetic mutations found in cancer cells, leading to changes in the DNA order, leading to the production of abnormal proteins, or a mutant or other than in normal cells, making them ‘new’ for the immune system. And when the mutations accumulate in cancer cells, abnormal proteins are produced, the division of these proteins into the cell into small parts called peptides, and these peptides are exposed to the surface of the cell by molecules, called “the complex of the great human compatibility”, and when these peptides are called by mutations. “We are very excited about these results, which showed a positive response to all nine patients with kidney cancer,” said study writer Tony Choueiri, director of the Lanc Center for the Beneloma Crops at the Dana Varber Institute. Using predictive algorithms, the most capable antigens are chosen to stimulate a strong immune response, and then the vaccine is produced for each patient, and given in the form of a series of initial doses followed by two reinforced doses. Another approach and the first author of the study, David Brown, and the doctor’s researcher at the Yale Cancer Center, see that “this approach is completely different from the efforts of previous vaccines in kidney cancer, because we select unique cancer targets, and we target the immune system to specifically attack it.” The results showed that the vaccine motivated a strong immune response in all nine patients. The number of t cells caused by the vaccine has increased by an average of 166 times, and these cells in the body continued for up to three years with high levels. Laboratory tests also showed that the vaccine -t cells were active against the cancer cells of the patients. “We have noticed a fast, large and permanent expansion of the new T cells associated with the vaccine. These results support the possibility of creating a vaccine dedicated to the new antigens in tumors with less mutation, which encourages results, although we need larger studies to understand the full clinical event of this approach,” says Dr. Patrick Ott, director of the cancer vaccine center at the Dana Varber Institute. There were no serious side effects associated with the vaccine; Some patients have gained local reactions to the injection site or flu -like symptoms, but no high -risk side effects have been reported. Despite the promising results, this study was small, only 9 patients, and larger clinical experiments are needed to confirm the efficacy of the vaccine and investigate its full potential. A random international study of multi -centers is currently being used to use a similar vaccine with an immune agent.