A study that reveals the effect of 'selfish genes' on embryo growth

Researchers from the Canadian University of Toronto found that a decisive stage in the development of early embryos is not controlled by human genes themselves, but genetic elements known as ‘transposes’ or ‘selfish genes’. Scientists have always believed that these elements are ‘genetic parasites’, that is, that it causes chaos in the genome, and it can lead to mutations and diseases, but this new discovery changes our perception. Research indicates that about 98% of the human genome consists of genetic waste, which does not contain the necessary instructions to make proteins that are important molecules that play a major role in the body, and are responsible for many basic functions such as building cells, regulating biological processes, transferring signals and defense against disease. Very early in the development of the human fetus, and unlike the prevailing belief, it not only causes harm, but it is necessary for important changes in fetal cells that they can naturally develop. The study published in the journal “Devilopmannte” says that the transparency, which works as a kind of “operating buds and suspension” for genes. For example, the Tranpoons can improve or suppress a specific gene’s expression based on the new location; This is an effect that can have significant effects on how the fetus has developed, and different stages of growth, such as tissue formation and the distinction of cells, can affect, and the transbonics also help to form 3D genome structure, which affects how genes interact. It is known that the early period of human development includes a series of complex biological changes, which require accurate coordination between the different genes, and here comes the role of transbonics as it helps to organize this coordination by stimulating or limiting the genes responsible for these operations. Human embryonic cells and researchers believe that transpartszons are responsible for stimulating genetic changes that help to form new tissues and allocate self -functions, which means they play a much greater role than previously believed. The lead author of the study, “Miguel Ramalo Santos”, a professor in the Department of Molecular Genetics at the University of Toronto, says that some people tend to think about transparents, as they are more like viruses, because they grab our cells for a single purpose that is the multiplication of themselves, but here Development. “The study indicates that the mobile elements are needed to ensure the progress of human embryonic cells naturally during early development, instead of returning; it prevents fetal cells from returning to their least mate state instead of developing to more specialized cells. In that study; the researchers focused on the mobile elements known as the Lyn-1 nuclear element,” In contrast to our own genes, which make up less than 2% of our genome, the line-1 elements alone form an incredible percentage of 20% of the genetic material in our cells. has always believed that these elements are often harmful, as chaos has caused the genome, and contributes to a variety of diseases, from haemophilia to neurological disorders and cancer, but researchers in that study have discovered that these elements help to organize important genes through the arrangement of DNA in the cell core, which can properly promote the fetus. When the line-1 activity was suppressed in fetal stem cells, the cells returned to a primitive stage, which naturally shows their crucial role in the development of the fetus. Unlike the well-known ‘selfish gene’ and its typical behavior in new genomic sites, and thus cause possible harmful mutations, the Lyn-1 elements have exclusively strengthened the progress of fetal development, a unique work that highlights its importance in early human growth. According to the researchers, these results have an important effect on fertility treatments and the use of stem cells in renewal medicine, as it reveals new roles for Line1 elements, which can now be examined in the contexts of the disease, from neurological disorders to cancer.