Hodgkin diseases: symptoms, causes and treatment

Hodgkin is a malignant disease in the blood cells, especially lymphocytes, and Hodgkin is 30% of the lymphomas. This disease often develops in the lymph nodes and leads to its enlargement. Initially, it is limited to one lymphoma or one group because it spreads over time and spreads in other lymph nodes. The recovery rate of this disease is one of the highest possible degrees compared to other general cancer diseases. Hodgkin is a disease that is infected by young people at the age of 32 and has 40% of patients with Epstein -Barr virus, so it is more likely to develop patients with many Hodgkin numbers compared to others. Symptoms of Hodgkin are the basic symptoms of Hodgkin are: enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, in the armpits and in the gin. fever. Night sweat. Feel public weakness and lack of energy. Abdominal pain. Unintentional decrease in weight. Topical irritation and itching in the skin. Rash. Problems with swallowing. Unfounded weight loss. Chest pain. cough. shortness of breath. itch. Back or leg pain. Streptococcus sclerosis. Valley enlarges. Liver enlargement. Alawite venous intravenous syndrome in patients with enlarged ligamentary nodes. Symptoms or signs of the central nervous system may be, including: cerebral degeneration. Neuropathy. Gilan Barre Syndrome. Multi -Foci brain disease. Puffy lymph nodes can occur long before clinical signs appear, and fever and other symptoms associated with lymphomatic diseases may appear and disappear within a few weeks in succession (alternative) before the patient feels the need to see a doctor. Even a sharp drop in weight can be explained by alternative diagnostic methods, so it is very important to wake up and pay attention to any signs of those mentioned above and seek medical help if necessary. The causes and factors of the risk of hodgkin disease in the following are an explanation of the most prominent causes and risk factors 1. The causes of hodgkin disease lead to lymphoma cancer a mutation in the DNA of a kind of white blood cells called lymphocal B, although the exact cause is unknown. DNA gives cells an essential set of instructions, such as: growing time and reproduction, and the mutation in the DNA changes these instructions so that the cells continue to grow, leading to unlimited reproduction. Abnormal lymphocytes usually begin to multiply in one or more lymph nodes in a specific area of ​​the body, such as: neck or thigh, and over time it is possible that abnormal lymphocytes may spread to other body parts, such as: bone marrow. spleen. liver. file. Two lungs. 2. Risk factors of Hodgkin diseases include the most important risk factors: Viruses The Epstein Barr virus is the same virus that causes infectious white blood cells, as the presence of the genome of this virus occurs in 20% -80% of Hodgkin Limvoma crops. Family history -brothers and sisters of the same sex and a twin identical to a person with Hodgkin -Lymphoma are very vulnerable to the disease, and children who have a father with Hodgkin also pose a greater risk. The complications of Hodgkin disease include the most important complications as follows: 1. Weakness of the immune system is a common complication of the Hodgkin Lismoma, and it can get worse during treatment. If you have a weak immune system, you are more likely to develop infection, and there is an increased risk of developing serious complications of infection. In some cases, it may be recommended to take regular doses of antibiotics to prevent infection. It is also important to inform your doctor or your care team of any symptoms of infection immediately, as immediate treatment may be needed to prevent serious complications. Symptoms of infection include the following: High temperature. Head headache. Muscle pain. Diarrhea. exhaustion. 2. Infertility can cause chemotherapy and radiotherapy to hodgkine -lymphoma infertility, it is sometimes temporary, but it can always be. In some cases, it may be possible for men to store samples of their sperm and women to store their eggs before treatment so that they can be used to try a child afterwards. The diagnosis of Hodgkin contains the most important diagnostic methods of the following: 1. A physical test that examines your doctor swollen lymph nodes, including in the neck, under the armpit, thigh, as well as swelling of the spleen or liver. 2. Blood analyzes are examined by a sample of your blood in the laboratory to see if there is anything in your blood indicating the possibility of cancer. 3. Photography tests may recommend your doctor to search for signs of Hodgkin -Lymphoma in other parts of the body, which may include X -Ray tests, computerized tomography and forestteron version. 4. Remove the lymph node for the test. Your doctor may recommend that the lymph node biopsy to remove the lymph node, the classic hodgkin -lymphoma will diagnose as abnormal cells called red -stenberg cells within the lymph node. 5. Take a sample of the bone marrow for the test that includes bone marrow biopsy and suction procedure that places a needle in the hip bone to remove a sample from the bone marrow, the sample is analyzed to search for Hodgkin’s lymphoma cells. The disease of Hodgkin, the chances of healing Hodgkin’s disease in the light of modern treatments that have developed over the past few years, has grown very large, especially if the spread of the disease is limited in the body, and the most important treatments include the following: 1 Chemotherapy chemotherapy is drug therapy that can kill chemicals and reach lymphoma. Chemical therapy and radiotherapy are often combined in people with a classic type of lymphoma hodgkin, radiotherapy is usually exported to chemotherapy in advanced hodgkin lymphoma, where chemotherapy can be used alone or with radiotherapy. Chemotherapy medication can be taken in the form of pimples or by a vein in your arm, or sometimes both methods are used, and various combinations of chemotherapy medication are used for the treatment of Limvoma Hodgkin. 2. Radio treatment uses high -energy packages radiotherapy, such as: x -rays and protons to kill cancer cells, and for classic Hodgkin -Lymphoma often uses radiotherapy after chemotherapy. People with highly dominant lymphoma in the early stage of Hodgkin lymphoma for lymphoma on their own. During radiotherapy you lie on a table and move a large machine around you and direct energy packages to certain points in your body, the radiation can target the affected lymph nodes and the adjacent area of ​​the nodes where the disease can develop. The duration of radiotherapy varies depending on the stage of the disease, as the typical treatment plan must be five days a week to the hospital or clinic for several weeks. 3. Bone marrow transplantation of bone marrow transplanting, also known as stem cell transplantation, is a treatment for replacing bone marrow with healthy stem cells that helps you grow a new bone marrow, the bone marrow transplant can be an option if the Hodgkin Lymphuma returns despite treatment. During the bone marrow transplant, your stem blood cells are removed, frozen and stored for later use, after which you receive a high dose of chemotherapy and radiotherapy to destroy cancer cells in your body, and eventually your stem cells are resolved and injected by your veins into your body. Stem cells help build a healthy bone marrow. 4. Other drug therapy includes other medicines used to treat Hodgkin -Lymphoma -led medicine that focuses on specific weaknesses in cancer cells and immunotherapy that stimulate your immune system to kill lymphoma. If other treatments do not help, or if the Hodgkin Limbuma returns, the lymphoma cells in the laboratory can be analyzed to seek genetic furat, your doctor may recommend treatment with a medicine aimed at specific mutations in lymphoma. The prevention of hodgkin disease is not always the cause of lymphoma, so it is difficult to determine the prevention. Most of the factors associated with increased risk of developing Hodgkin -Lymphoma, such as: family or sweat history, because lymphoma cancer starts in the lymphatic system, the factors that weaken the immune system can play a role in developing lymph nodes and maintaining a strong immune system: 1 Finally smoking smoking for people. Ton the longer anti -inflammatory and injustice, because quitting smoking is an important step to prevent Hodgkin -Lymphoma and other types of cancer. The sooner the smoke stops, the more the body begins to recover. 2.. Control exposure to toxic substances. It is important to avoid general exposure to pesticides and formaldehyde, which is a secondary product for burning natural gas, oil, wood and tobacco, as used in a variety of home products, such as: foam insulation, wallpaper and paint. Follow safety instructions carefully and avoid direct contact, which may include wearing a mask, gloves, protective glasses and protective clothing, as the use of appropriate ventilation can also help reduce exposure. Common types classify the disease in four types, each expressing different properties and microscopic and uninterrupted features in each of the species: nodular sclerosis. Mixed cellularity. Lymphocytic Empire. Attractive lymphocytes (lymphocytic depleted).