Scientists reveal the DNA that leads to cancer growth

The team of scientists announced the discovery of a new mechanism explaining how one of the most dangerous types of brain cancer arises; This is the aromic crop. The study, conducted by researchers at the universities of British Queen Mary and the American Stangerford, and published by Cancer Discovery, said that Rings of DNA outside chromosomes – known as ECDNA – appeared in the very early stages of the disease, sometimes even before the tumor is formed. These ‘rebellious’ episodes contain carcinogenic genes that provide an extraordinary ability to grow, adapt to conditions and resist treatment, making it a promising purpose for early detection and perhaps for treatment. The world of genetic substance is no longer limited to well -known chromosomes, because scientists have begun to highlight other genetic components that have been neglected for a long time over the past few years; These are DNA rings outside chromosomes, which are circular DNA living in the cell nucleus, but they are completely independent of the most important chromosomes. Scientists have discovered these episodes for decades, but for many years they believed that they were only residue without a function similar to ‘genetic garbage’, but with the development of genome analysis techniques, it was found that these episodes play an important role, especially in cancer cells. Although these rings are found in limited amounts in normal cells, their number is significantly increasing in crops, but it is more dangerous to carry carcinogenic genes or genes that give cells that are resistant to medicine. And because they are outside the chromosomes, it doubles and spreads itself in unexpected ways during the cell division, leading to a genetic diversity in the crop that gives it flexibility and strength in the face of treatments. The importance of the DNA is clearly shown in cancer cancer. Recent studies have revealed that about 40% of solid crops, such as brain, lung and stomach crops, contain these rings. The presence of these rings makes the crop more aggressive, increasing the activity of carcinogenic genes to much higher levels than normal, which explains why some chemical or guided treatments fail, because tumors are equipped with ‘mobile genetic ammunition’ attempts to eliminate it. Until now, there is no medication that targets this acid directly, but research is still understood how it is formed and how it can be stopped. Some scientists believe that the disruption of the mechanisms that allow these rings to reproduce the door opens for a new generation treatment, and if achieved, it can change the course of types of cancer that were previously considered almost difficult. The incorporation of data and aromatic diet is one of the most aggressive cancer, as the average survival is no more than 14 months after diagnosis, and no significant progress has been made in its treatment for decades. With the limited medication and options available, scientists are looking for innovative ways to understand and handle the disease from the beginning. The research team relied on the combination of genetic and photodata of sick crops with advanced computer models that mimic DNA’s development outside chromosomes through time and space. What is a dinomium tumor? A type of cancer that starts in the brain or spinal cord. It consists of cells called ‘star -cells’ that support neurons. It grows rapidly and can penetrate and destroy healthy tissues. It can affect any age, but it is more common in older adults. There is no healing treatment yet, but treatments help to slow down and relieve symptoms. Symptoms become a headache, especially in the morning. Nausea and vomiting. Thinking, understanding or memory loss disorders. Changes in personality or ease of arousal. Revelation changes, clouds, duplication, loss of peripheral vision. Trouble talking. Problems of balance or consistency. Weakness in the muscles of the face or limbs. Weakness of touch. Some episodes, especially for those who haven’t had them before. When should the doctor visit when one of the previous symptoms occurs regularly. The causes of the exact cause are unknown. It occurs due to changes in the DNA of the brain or sporadic cord. These changes (mutations) give cells to the rapid division and lack of time in time. This leads to the accumulation of cells and the formation of a tumor that penetrates the nerves and the parts of the brain or healthy tissues. “We treated crops as the archaeologist did; we not only took one sample, but we analyzed several areas of the crop, and we built models that describe how these rings originated and developed to lead the aggression of the crop,” said Benjamin Werner of the Queen Mary University Cancer Institute. The results have shown that most of these rings contain the future of the skin growth factor, known as EGFR, which is one of the strongest carcinogenic genes, but the most dangerous is that it may appear before the crop formation, and then the development of additional mutations such as EGFRVIII which increases the cruelty and resistance to treatment. The EGFR gene is one of the most studied membranes in the world of medical biology, due to the decisive role in cell growth and survival and is found on the surface of many cells, and when the ‘skin growth factor’ or similar molecules are associated with it, it activates a complex chain of the cell in the cell as the “terozine chinz. These signals stimulate cell division, restore their tissues and organize their programmed death if necessary, but the problem begins when a defect occurs in that future, either through genetic mutations or excessive increase in the number of genetic copies or its activity abnormal. In such cases, the future becomes a source of persistent growth signals that push the cell to divide without stopping, which is a basic feature of cancer, and mutations are indeed monitored in the EGFR gene in lung cancer with non -small cells, and some brain tumor, in addition to colon and breast cancer. These discoveries have led to the development of a new category of medicine known as EGFR brakes, such as one -sided antibodies, which have accurately target the treatment of some cancers by accurately targeting the molecular defect. However, the effectiveness of these treatments can reduce over time due to the development of resistance to cancer cells, which OGFR opens an open topic for continuous research to understand the mechanisms in a deeper way and develop more advanced strategies to control it. The co -author of the study, Magnus Huji, believes that the appearance of the future of the skin growth factor in the DNA outside the chromosomes creates a ‘time window’ during which the disease and intervention can be monitored before the crop becomes more aggressive. Not just a passenger as scientists manages to develop a blood test to discover these rings early, it can open the door for early diagnosis and more effective treatment. The study showed that the DNA rings outside the chromosomes not only carry one gene but also different cancerous genes, each contributing to the development of the tumor and its response to treatment, which emphasizes the importance of designing personal treatments based on the “profile” of the DNA in the chromosomes of each patient. Despite this progress, many are still unknown to the role of that acid; Researchers intend to study the effect of different treatments on the numbers and types of these rings in brain tumors, and they also intend to expand research to include other cancers. “On the contrary, a strong driver since the early stages, and it opens the way for early detection and intervention before the crop becomes resistant to treatment.” “These results provide a new vision of how crops have emerged and developed, and we can have the opportunity to make the aromatic tumor of the diet within the cancers that can be discovered and interfered early.”