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Definition of solar energy

Solar energy is known as the energy resulting from the conversion of sunlight into electricity by using the solar photovoltaic cells, and is one of the most important sources of renewable energy, and the fastest growing among them; It promises a promising future in providing energy for various uses.(١)

Each location on Earth receives a quantity of sunlight throughout the year, but the amount of solar radiation received by one spot varies from one place to another on the surface of the Earth, and that amount is called solar radiation, which is also known as photoelectric radiation; Where the sun is emitted in the form of a light that is captured by solar energy techniques, and turns it into useful forms of energy.(٢)

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Solar energy use areas

PV energy systems

PV systems are considered one of the most common ways to use solar energy, and is also known as solar cell systems and produces electricity directly from sunlight,(٣) When the solar panels are exposed to sunlight, these cells absorb the energy from sunlight, and this energy generates electrical shipments that move in response to an internal electric field in the cells, which leads to the flow of electricity.(٢)

This system consists of solar cells made of semi -connected materials, and when these materials are exposed to sunlight, solar energy stimulates the electrons in the atoms of these materials to stay away from the nuclei; This causes its movement during the semi -connected material, and thus generating electricity that can be used directly or stored in batteries, and the process of converting sunlight (photons) is called electricity (voltage) in the process of photographic effect.(٤)

Concentrated solar energy systems

Concentrated Solar Power depends on the use of mirrors and lenses to focus a large amount of sunlight on a small area, then the solar energy turns into heat,(٤) The concentrated solar energy system consists of 3 main units, which are as follows:(٥)

  • The solar field: The solar field turns solar energy into heat energy.
  • Thermometer: It stores thermal energy using molten salt as a medium to store heat.
  • Energy Production Unit: Electrical energy is generated in this unit using steam steam turbines resulting from solar energy.

Solar energy systems for heating

Solar Power Systems for Heating is used the thermal energy from the sun to provide hot water and heating for residential, commercial and industrial facilities, and these systems provide alternative to the use of electricity or natural gas, and these systems consist of three main elements, namely: the main complex, isolated tubes, hot water tank, These systems can include optional tools, such as: electronic controllers, and a freezing protection system when needed, especially in areas with a cold climate.(٦)

These systems provide suitable internal heat, in two ways as follows:(٤)

  • Active solar heating method: The right heat is provided in this way by rotating water or hot gas by pump or fan.
  • Solar heating method: This method allows the heat to move inside the buildings in a natural way without using external energy.

The benefits of solar energy

The benefits of solar energy on the individual

The use of solar energy on the individual level is due to many benefits, including the following:(٧)

  • Source of renewable energy: Solar energy is one of the sources of renewable energy; Where it is available every day in various parts of the world, solar energy is not running unlike some other energy sources, and a person can take advantage of solar energy for at least 5 billion years; That is, until the remaining life of the sun ends, according to what scientists have identified.
  • A way to reduce energy bills: A person can replace the energy sources that he uses with the solar energy generated by the solar system that he uses, and therefore the value of savings in energy bills will depend on the amount of electricity and heating use, in addition to the size of the solar system, the higher its size, the lower the need to use other energy sources and the low price of invoices.
  • Various applications: Solar energy is used in many applications in addition to generating electricity and heat; It can also be used to distiliate water in areas that lack clean water, as well as in the operation of satellites in space.
  • Low maintenance costs: Solar energy systems are considered systems that do not need much maintenance, and it is sufficient to clean them several times a year by the same person or specialized cleaning companies.

The benefits of solar energy on the environment

The use of solar energy is due to many benefits on the environment. We mention the following:(٨)

  • Water Save.
  • Reducing air pollution.
  • Climate change.
  • Reducing the effect of carbon emissions.
  • Reducing dependence on traditional organic fuel.

Solar energy obstacles

There are many reasons to turn into the option to use renewable energy sources as an alternative to traditional sources, but there are some obstacles that cannot be relied upon mainly, including the following:(٩)

  • Initial construction cost: The cost of creating a solar energy system depends on the site, the number of panels required, installation requirements, employment fees, etc., and this cost is high; Therefore, some families cannot carry them without resorting to loans.
  • Night use: Solar energy systems need the sun to work, so at night these systems cannot generate electricity, and the person needs to rely on other sources to obtain energy, and it is worth noting that some solar panel systems contain backup batteries but they are optional, and do not come with all systems.
  • The need for space: The solar panels need an area to install, and the more the required consumption size, the more the area needed to install the solar energy system.
  • the site: The severity of the sun differs from one place to another. In some parts of the world, the sun does not appear for several days in the winter. This leads to exposure to the problem of supply electricity for those who depend on solar energy, and the eclipse of the sun also affects solar energy generators.

the reviewer

  1. ↑ “Solar Energy Power Generation”, www.electronicshub.org,27-10-2015، Retrieved 23-4-2021. Edited.
  2. ^ A for “How Does Solar Work?”, www.energy.govRetrieved 23-4-2021. Edited.
  3. ↑ “The Different Types of Solar Energy”, www.greentumble.com,8-4-2019، Retrieved 23-4-2021. Edited.
  4. ^ A for Tot “Types of Solar Energy Technologies and The Uses of Solar Energy in Daily Life”, www.scientificworldinfo.com,26-10-2019، Retrieved 23-4-2021. Edited.
  5. ↑ “Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)”, www.chiyodacorp.comRetrieved 23-4-2021. Edited.
  6. ↑ “Solar Heating & Cooling”, www.seia.orgRetrieved 23-4-2021. Edited.
  7. ↑ Aris Vourvourias (23-3-2021), “Pros and Cons of Solar Energy”، www.greenmatch.co.ukRetrieved 23-4-2021. Edited.
  8. ↑ Joe Clements (11-10-2019), “13 Important Health & Environmental Benefits of Solar Energy”، www.greencoast.orgRetrieved 23-4-2021. Edited.
  9. ↑ “What Is Solar Energy?”, www.justenergy.comRetrieved 23-4-2021. Edited.